A Brief Introduction about the growth of the USA as a Superpower Essay Example for Free

A Brief Introduction about the growth of the USA as a Superpower Essay After the end of World War-II, two allies the USA and the erstwhile USSR fought bitterly for supremacy. The power struggle between these countries witnessed the involvement of more nations, which started a cold war. Ideologically, the USA and the USSR were completely different. While the USA was a capitalist country, the USSR was a communist nation. This ideological difference was one of the prime reasons for the conflict between these two major powers as the USA always fought against communism. Cold War, which started in 1945, ended with the disintegration of USSR. After the collapse of Soviet Union, there was no competitor left to challenge the USA. The power and influence of the USA grew further and it became the unchallenged superpower. There was no other country that could match the USA in terms of military, economic and political strength. As a major donor to the United Nations, it gained the authority in all-important matters. The first display of the power of the USA came in 1990-91 in the Gulf War. Protesting against the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, the USA and its allies attacked Iraq. The attack got the approval of the United Nations. The US attack was spearheaded by then President George Bush Senior. Ultimately, the war ended with the complete withdrawal of Iraqi forces from Kuwait. The Gulf War demonstrated the power and influence of the USA in the global arena and it opened a new chapter in the world history. Bill Clinton succeeded George Bush Senior as the President of the USA. Under his rule, there were significant developments in the US policies and it played a major role in finding a solution to most of the conflicting issues like Palestine issue and Indo-Pak conflict. George W Bush as the President of the USA After Bill Clinton’s term expired, George W Bush, son of the former President George Bush Senior, became the President of the USA in 2001. Prior to his Presidency, he served as the Governor of the Texas. He was always known for his conservative and hard-core policies, which earned him a lot of reputation. His election to the highest office of the Unites States was certain to bring major changes in the US policy towards to rest of the world. After taking the reigns of a great nation, Bush concentrated on internal issues to build a new strong and prosperous nation, which can stand against the odds. See more: introduction paragraph example Nation building was his first priority and he took certain measures on Security, Education, Health and welfare schemes to provide equal opportunities to all Americans. As a Republican, it was expected that George Bush will follow different yardsticks and will reverse the policies implemented by his predecessor Bill Clinton, a Democrat. It was feared that foreign policy of the USA will be changed and some countries might face the wrath of the USA for not following the principles set by it. But it was never expected that Bush would influence the geo-political situation in the world to such a great extent. 9/11, Attack on WTC The fateful morning of September 11, 2001 brought a significant change in the world politics. Two US Airline Planes hijacked by the terrorists hit the WTC towers in New York City. The explosion rocked not only the USA, but also the whole world. Initially, nobody understood what happened. But within minutes it was clear that terrorists successfully attacked the most powerful nation in the world, making a dent in its strong security system. Thousands of people died as the twin towers were razed to the ground. Another plane hit the Pentagon, which is the defence headquarter of the USA. A fourth plane which was supposed to hit the White House was crashed near Shanksville. Planes hitting the WTC tower and flames coming out of the building were telecasted all over the world. This incident shook the basic foundation of the Unites States of which it always boasted. Surprisingly, there was no trace of President George Bush during such a crisis. The whole world was looking for him to know his reaction. But he was busy in a school in Florida in a photo-op. At a later stage, he was criticised heavily for his failure to react to the tragedy immediately. â€Å"The attack was the most lethal ever experienced by the USA. Official death toll was almost 3000, which was the highest casualty in the US history. September 11 attack was the most significant in the history of the world. It changed the world in terms of economic, social and military aspects and the one man who took the charge to declare a war against terrorism was President George W Bush. † Reeling under criticism for his delayed response to such a tragedy, President Bush addressed the nation exactly 12 hours after the attacks were carried out. He declared, â€Å"Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shattered steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. † With this, he declared a war on terrorism and urged the world to join him. Al Qaeda hand in the WTC Attack The investigation made by the US Intelligence Bureau revealed that the terrorists who carried out the attacks were Arab nationals and the militant group ‘Al Qaeda’ which was headed by Osama Bin Laden trained them. Osama Bin Laden was exiled from Saudi Arabia and was living in Afghanistan, which was ruled by the Taliban Militia. He had developed a good rapport with the Taliban and Pakistan’s Secret Service, ISI. â€Å"Ironically, it was the same Laden who received full support from the USA to fight against the Soviet troops during the Cold War when Afghanistan was occupied by the USSR. The USA provided military and financial support to the groups headed by Bin Laden and Taliban, which indulged in guerrilla fighting. But within a decade, situation became completely different. Laden and the fundamentalists who supported him were angered by the US support to Israel over Palestine issue and economic sanctions imposed by the USA against Iraq and Afghanistan. US policies towards Iraq and other Islamic countries made them believe that the USA is the worst enemy of the Muslims. Such hatred feelings made them declare a ‘Jihad’ (Holy War) against the United States. † Analysis of the relationship between the Taliban and Al Qaeda â€Å"The USA warned the Taliban several times in the past against harbouring the terrorists on its soil. When the Taliban did not heed to its advice, the then Clinton administration imposed tough economic sanction against Afghanistan. After George Bush came to power, he extended the sanctions against Taliban for its continuing support to the terrorist Osama Bin Laden. This angered the Islamic militants further and they made strategies to cause more damage to the United States. † In the words of Robert Baer, Terrorist campaigns arent directed just against the enemy. They are campaigns of recruitment as well, and by demonizing bin Laden, by holding him up as the master-mind of the attacks and as the arch-enemy, we have assured that the disillusioned, the angry, the desperate young men of the Muslim world will flock to his cause, whether hes dead or alive to lead it. And yes, there are more men like that than we could ever count. After the September 11 attack, the USA realised that it has to take strong measures to tackle with terrorists who found a safe haven in Afghanistan. It is the USA, which is completely responsible for the growth of ‘Taliban’ and ‘Al Qaeda’ in Afghanistan. To weaken the Soviet Union, it always provided financial and military support to these groups. But at the later stage, they emerged as the dangerous enemies of the USA. The Taliban controlled 90 per cent of Afghanistan and was advancing to control the rest of the areas, which were controlled by its rival groups. The growing influence of the Taliban became a major concern for the US. War against Taliban and Osama Bin Laden The USA asked the Taliban to stop harbouring terrorists, destroy all the terrorist camps and hand over the dreaded militants including Osama Bin Laden to the US administration. As expected, Taliban refused to yield to the pressure of the United States and vowed to fight back if the USA attacks Afghanistan. On its war against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan, the USA made some surprise alliances. Russia, against whom the USA used the Taliban, joined the USA on its assault against the same forces. Two former Soviet countries, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan also joined the USA. India, which was bitten by the diplomacy of the Taliban in the Kandahar hijack issue, offered its unconditional support to the United States. It was decided that while the US and Russia will fight the Taliban from the front with the help of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, India and Iran will play the role of â€Å"facilitator† by offering logistic support to the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan which always fought against the Taliban rule. The US held meetings and consultations with Russian and Indian delegations to make a clear-cut strategy on the war against the Taliban. The Northern Alliance led by Ahmed Shah Masood had a strong base in the Panjsher valley. India supplied high warfare equipments and provided tactical advice to Ahmed Shah Masood in the operation against the Taliban. Finally, the USA started bombarding the terrorist camps and key Taliban installations in Afghanistan. Russia, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan joined the USA in the operation. While the USA continued its assault in the Taliban controlled areas, the Northern Alliance made its advance from the frontier. The US attack on Afghanistan has created a new problem for the neighbouring countries Pakistan, Iran and Turkmenistan. Thousands of refugees from Afghanistan tried to cross the borders. When these countries closed their borders fearing a heavy refugee exodus, it led to a refugee crisis in South Asia. As the war gets thicker, the power and strength of the Taliban Militia waned. Either they surrendered, got killed or hide in the mountains. Taliban leader Mulla Mohammad Omar and Al Qaeda leader, Osama Bin Laden went into hiding. The Northern Alliance backed by the US reached Kabul and captured the city. Though the Taliban fighters made a retreat into the hills, they continued their guerrilla warfare. To counter their attack, the US troops engaged in the cleansing operation and searched though every village and corners to drag out the Taliban fighters. The battles of Tora Bora and Shah-I-Kot have seen the Taliban forces and Al Qaeda completely routed and running for safer places. Though the Taliban and Al Qaeda were routed, it did not show any seriousness to capture their leaders Mulla Mohammad Omar and Osama Bin Laden. As these leaders were not captured, it gave the USA enough reason to say that it had to stay in Afghanistan to stop the regrouping of Taliban and Al Qaeda forces. The Bush administration was always seen as a war-mongering one. It always tried to display its military and economic strength to the world in order to become a supreme power. It was believed that the 9/11 attacks were just used an excuse to implement its own political agenda and establish its control over all parts of the world. The USA had two rival powers, Russia and China. To resist these countries from advancing further and to keep a close watch on their movements, it needed a strong base in South Asia, from where it will be easy to monitor both the countries at the same time. Opportunity came in the form of 9/11 and Bush lost no time in seizing it. George Bush proved himself as a shrewd diplomat. By attacking the Taliban, he succeeded in curbing the dissent at home and at the same time he expanded the US military base abroad. By declaring a war on terrorism, he garnered support from the countries like Russia, India and others who were facing the menace of terrorism for a long time. He successfully exploited the public sentiments aftermath of 9/11 to fulfil global economic and military aims of American imperialism. The Bush Doctrine Under the leadership of George Bush, the USA changed its military doctrine from a policy of deterrence into a strategy of striking at the countries that threaten its interests. This doctrine, called as the ‘Bush Doctrine’ was formally adopted by the USA in September 2002. The US military and political community always considered adopting the idea of pre-emptive strikes. The Bush Doctrine has made it possible now. It was mentioned clearly that the USA would no longer allow any country to question the US military supremacy, as it happened during the Cold War era. The doctrine emphasised that the USA has the responsibility to maintain peace in the world by suppressing the rogue countries and terrorists. It also clearly stated that the US would never compromise on its national interests. It is believed beyond doubt that George Bush started implementing the new military doctrine even before it was officially adopted. It began before 9/11 and the terrorist attacks strengthened his hands to make it official. Bushs Iraq Policy The USA for decades intended to play an active role in the Gulf Region. It eyed the huge oil fields in the Iraq, which will boost its economy. Bush also felt it necessary to build up a permanent base in the Gulf region to tackle the Islamic countries like Iran and Syria and curb the Islamic fundamentalism against the USA. According to some startling revelations, George Bush planned to invade Iraq to ensure a regime change even before assuming power in January 2001. After being elected as the President of the USA, his first priority was to overthrow the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq. As a continuation of American policy, George Bush enforced economic sanctions against Iraq and also forced the UN to do so. The United Nations imposed stringent economic sanction against Iraq to bring it to the negotiating table and to make the Saddam regime co-operate with the UN Inspectors as a process of disarmament. Gulf War-II â€Å"The first thing Bush did was to win the support of a major power, Britain. Britain’s Prime Minister, Tony Blair offered unconditional support to the USA in its plan for a regime change in Iraq. To settle the unresolved Iraq issue, Bush tried to influence the United Nations to muster full support of all the major countries in the world. To substantiate his claim for action against Iraq, he told the world that Iraq possesses weapons of mass destruction and they should be destroyed completely. † The USA tried to make the UN believe that Iraq had deadly chemical and biological weapons. The UN Security Council unanimously passed a resolution (1441) to disarm Iraq. Under pressure from the United Nations, Saddam Hussein agreed to allow UN observers to search for weapons of mass destruction and destroy them. With Iraq accepting the UN Security Council resolution, special UN observers arrived in Iraq in November 2002 and began their work. A fortnight later, Iraq provided a 12,000-page declaration of its WMD programme. â€Å"The declaration maintained that Iraq had no weapons of mass destruction. For four months, The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and U. N. Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) searched extensively for the WMDs, but could not come up with any evidence to support the USA claim that Iraq possesses such deadly weapons. † But the Bush administration was not ready to believe this. It pointed towards some sources to suggest that Iraq was still continuing its weapons programme secretly. It cited several instances where Iraq had reportedly carried out tests on chemical and biological weapons. It is still unclear where the US got such reports. But these reports helped Bush to mislead the world on Iraq. The USA and the UK joined hands to use force against Iraq. To further strengthen their point, they declared that Iraq had links with the terrorist groups like Al Qaeda, which masterminded the 9/11 attack. It was not easy to get UN Security Council’s nod to attack a sovereign country arbitrarily. But Saddam’s stubbornness and unwillingness to agree to the demands of the UN made their job easier. Iraqi President Saddam Hussein had a tough attitude towards the west. He suppressed his rivals ruthlessly. Thousands of people were killed during Saddam’s rule. Mass graves discovered after the war revealed about the atrocities carried out by him and his troops. On 17 March 2003, George Bush demanded that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and his two sons Uday and Qusay leave Iraq within the 48-hour deadline. Saddam Hussein was quick to denounce the US deadline. The next day US office spokesperson announced that the US would invade Iraq whether Saddam Hussein leaves or not. After the expiry of 48-hour deadline, Bush ordered to launch the attack on the key targets of Iraq. The coalition forces comprising of the USA and the UK invaded Iraq with ground and air strikes. Iraq fought back bravely with Saddam addressing the Iraqi people, Those who are believers will be victorious. In these decisive days, the enemy tried not using missiles and fighter jets as they did before. This time they sent their infantry troops. This time they have come to invade and occupy your land. After three weeks of intense fight, the Saddam regime in Baghdad collapsed and Saddam and his key aides disappeared from the city. The coalition forces led by the USA captured Baghdad and Bush announced the ‘freedom’ for the Iraqi people. After the collapse of Saddam regime, there was anarchy all over Iraq. Looting and theft took place in large numbers. It was a tough task for the Bush administration to bring the situation under control. It had to restore peace and normalcy and rebuild the war-ravaged nation which was its own doing. Later Saddam’s sons Uday and Qusay were killed and Saddam was captured. A democratically elected government was formed in Iraq. But the war against the US forces continued by the fundamentalist groups. After the defeat of Saddam Hussein, the USA and other UN agencies searched every part of Iraq to locate the so-called â€Å"weapons of mass destructions†. But they could not find a single piece of such weapons. It became clear to the world that the WMDs never existed. When asked why the US went into war in Iraq, Bush said, He retained the knowledge, the materials, the means and the intent to produce weapons of mass destruction and could have passed this knowledge to our terrorist enemies. Most of the members of the Security Council and the UN Secretary General himself, strongly opposed the US attack on Iraq. For instance, French President Jacques Chirac said that an attack could only be justified if it were decided on by the Security Council, and German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder said there would be no support in Germany for a strike without approval of the United Nations. It was believed that the USA violated the International law by attacking Iraq without the approval of UN Security Council. But defying the international mood, George Bush attacked Iraq causing chaos and devastation. He forced the country into a civil war, which is still going on. Surprisingly, neither the UN nor the anti-war groups in the world could take any action against the global hegemony of the USA. George Bush successfully manoeuvred the situation and was sworn in for a second term in 2005, proving all his critics wrong. Michael Byers, Associate Professor at Duke University of Law commented on the Bush Doctrine, â€Å"The policy was aimed at ‘effectively closing down dangerous regimes before they become imminent threats’ and thus represented a usurpation of the Security Council’s role in global affairs. † US Mediation in the Middle East Peace Process â€Å"Middle East was a part of Bush’s foreign policy. The conflict between Israel and Palestine was a stumbling block for the peace and prosperity in the Middle East region. For years, the USA supported Israel in its crusade against the Palestinians. Initially, Bush showed no interest to facilitate the peace process to find a peaceful settlement to the Israel-Palestine conflict. However, later he realised that the USA had to play a bigger role to stay active in the region. † Palestine leader, Yasser Arafat was a stubborn man and he did not intend to make any concession to Israel. As a result, all the dialogues between the two parties failed without any conclusion. However, the situation took an interesting turn with the death of Yasser Arafat. A new moderate government under the leadership of Mahmoud Abbas assumed power in Palestine. Bush found it easy to deal with the new incumbent and he prevailed on Israeli Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon to withdraw troops from the controversial Gaza Strip, which was seen as a revolutionary step for the peace in the region. Economic Policy of George Bush Economy was always in Bush’s mind to make America stronger and more powerful on the world forum. Two goals have guided Bush administration’s economic policy, i. e. , increasing economic growth and improving economic stability. The economic impact of 9/11 attacks has made the goals more challenging for George Bush. President Bush emphasised on three factors, i. e. , military, political and economic progress. The US economy was the largest in the world and it always influenced the decisions at the UN and IMF by providing the maximum financial support to these bodies. â€Å"The importance of international economic policy increased under Bush Doctrine. It was visible when Bush ordered to block all the financial accounts of the terrorist groups in the United States to cut off their main supply line. † Impact of the Bush Doctrine on the geo-political scenario of the world â€Å"Bush Doctrine changed the geo-political situation of the world to a great extent. Bush was always condemned as shrewd, warmonger and an oppressor by the world community. He displayed the might of the USA to the world at the cost of agony and suffering of the innocent people. People of America may have forgiven him by electing him for a second term, but history will never forgive him for his high-handedness and stubbornness, which devastated Afghanistan and Iraq beyond repair. † Bush’s arrogant and egoistic approach was seen in his statement after 9/11, Every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make. Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists. If we analyse the chronologies starting from Afghanistan to Iraq, it can be easily concluded that Bush played with the lives of innocent people for his personal gains and to settle the scores with his rivals. He always tried to show the world that nobody could ignore the United States even if the issue was related to the internal affairs of any country. He shattered the UN policy of non-interference in the internal matter of any sovereign nation. In the whole process, his action has raised serious questions on the necessity and validity of the United Nations, which became a mere puppet in the hands of the Unites States. His policies towards Afghanistan, Taliban, Iraq and Palestine clearly proved that he had a single point agenda, i. e. , to fulfil his personal ambitions by playing the role of Global Police. The consequences of the attack on Afghanistan and Iraq are visible from the causalities reported from those countries every alternate day. The destruction and chaos in these countries are far from over. One man who is responsible for this human tragedy is George W Bush. History will always remember George Bush for his destructive doctrine, which was written on the bloods of the innocent people. Bibliography BOOKS Ali, Tariq. Bush In Babylon: The Recolonisation of Iraq. New York: Verso, 2003. Aronowitz, Stanley; and Heather Gautney, Ed. Implicating Empire: Globalization Resistance in the 21st Century World Order. New York: Basic Books/Perseus Books, 2003. Carroll, James. Crusade: Chronicles of an Unjust War. New York: Henry Holt Company, 2004. Chomsky, Noam. Hegemony or Survival: Americas Quest for Global Dominance. New York: Henry Holt Company, 2003. Clarke, Richard. Against All Enemies: Inside Americas War on Terror. New York: Free Press, 2004. Coll, Steve. Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, From the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001. New York: Penguin Press, 2004. Everest, Larry. Oil, Power Empire: Iraq and the U. S. Global Agenda. ME: Common Courage Press, 2004. Khalidi, Rashid. Resurrecting Empire: Western Footprints and Americas Perilous Path in the Middle East. Beacon, 2004. Nojumi, Neamatollah. The Rise of the Taliban in Afghanistan: Mass Mobilization, Civil War, and the Future of the Region. New York: Palgrave/St. Martins Press, 2001. INTERNET SOURCES Keen, Judy. â€Å"Strain of Iraq war showing on Bush, those who know him say. † USA TODAY. 02 April 2003. 01 June 2005 http://www. usatoday. com/news/washington/2003-04-01-bush-cover_x. htm. Shah, Anup. â€Å"The Bush Doctrine of Pre-emptive Strikes; A Global Pax Americana†. Global Issues. 24 April 2004. 01 June 2005 http://www. globalissues. org/Geopolitics/Empire/Bush. asp.

Physics of Firearms Essay -- physics gun guns firearm ballistics

Shooting is a popular activity and it is enjoyed by many people, so much so that it is also done at a competitive level. Although many people may have shot a firearm of some sort, few of those people actually realize how much physics is involved with the shot. So what exactly is Ballistics? Ballistics is the science or study of the motion of projectiles and in the case of most firearms, these projectiles are the bullets. There are two things that affect the flight of a bullet once it has been shot out of the gun. These things are the drag of air on the bullet and the force of gravity acting upon the bullet. The force of gravity acting upon the bullet is always in a constant direction, which is down, at a rate of 9.81m/s^2. However, the force of air drag on the bullet is not always in a constant direction. This is because the trajectory of the bullet changes, so the direction of air drag on the bullet also changes. So what is it that determines the trajectory of the bullet once it has left the barrel? Aside from gravity, it is the weight, shape, and velocity of the bullet...

One of the most successful and well known play by William Shakespeare

One of the most successful and well known plays William Shakespeare wrote was Romeo and Juliet. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy play; two young people fall in the love but their families have a bitter grudge with one another, â€Å"and the continuance of their parents' rage which, but their children's end, naught could remove,† (prologue lines 10-11). This quote explains to us how the grudge between the two families could only be removed by the death of these two ‘star crossed lovers'. The theme of the play is love and hate; there are many examples of love and hate occurring especially with the party scene. In William Shakespeare's time status was a very important thing when it comes to everyday lifestyle. Status was also determined by gender, men were able to do more things that woman, such as, work and have more of a social life. When there were plays in the theatre people would stand or sit depending on status. If you were standing you would be of the lower class, if you were higher up in the stands the wealthier you were, for example the Queen would sit at the top. The theatre was very important in that time because it was the main source of entertainment. The relationships between the parents and the teenagers are found in the scenes of Juliet getting an arranged marriage, the scene illustrates how rich parents would communicate and feel about their children and visa versa for the children. Relationships between Juliet and Capulet Capulet has deep feelings for Juliet, he still see Juliet as his little girl and does not want to let her go into marriage. ‘And too soon marred are those so early made', Capulet talking to Paris about his daughter being too young. This quote gives an understanding of how Capulet feels with Juliet getting married. Even though Juliet is the lady of my earth to Capulet, he says to Paris win her heart, if she is happy then you may marry her, â€Å"she is the hopeful lady of my earth. But woo her gentle Paris, get her heart, my will to her consent is but part†. Capulet is explaining to Paris that if you win her heart then I will be happy to give you my daughter. After the death of Tybalt, Capulet decides to marry Juliet with Paris to get rid of all the grief. Because of the death of Tybalt Capulet has not had time to persuade Juliet to marry Paris but he says to Paris she will obey his wishes. When Capulet enters Juliet's room in the morning, he sees her crying â€Å"How now, a conduit, girl? What, still in tears†, Capulet thinks that these tears are for Tybalt but in reality they are for Romeo being banished. When Capulet finds out that Juliet refuses to marry Paris he loses his temper. â€Å"Hang thee young baggage, disobedient wretch! I tell thee what, get thee to church a Thursday, or never after look me in the face.† Capulet makes it clear and simple on what he expects Juliet to do and what the consequences are if she doesn't; from being Capulet's lady on his earth she has become the last lady he wants to see. Relationship between Juliet and Lady Capulet Lady Capulet and Juliet have a formal relationship. Juliet talks to her mother as is she is a teacher â€Å"Madam, I am here, what is you will?† this quote shows us how Juliet confronts her mother; it also shows us that she is respectful of her mothers status; shown by the formal ‘Madam'. Lady Capulet views marriage as a business arrangement and she is keen to get Juliet married well to a wealthy man like Paris. A good marriage would make the Capulet's a more commanding and highly regarded family. When Lady Capulet enters the room she sees Juliet crying. She sympathizes with Juliet's grief at the death of Tybalt. Lady Capulet lets Juliet know how she feels about Romeo and how she plans on him being dead. â€Å"We will have vengeance for it, fear thou not. Then weep no more. Ill send to one Mantua, where that same banished runagate doth live, shall give him such an unaccustomed dram, that shall soon keep Tybalt company.† Lady Capulet does not know about Juliet's feelings about Romeo and Juliet wasn't planning on letting her know, â€Å"indeed I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him dead is my poor heart so for a kinsman vexed†. What Juliet actually means in that text is that ‘I never shall be satisfied with Romeo till I behold him. My poor heart is so vexed for a kinsman (Romeo) that is dead'. What Juliet's mother takes her to mean is the complete opposite. Juliet appears to agree with her mother when she is talking about how Romeo is a vill ain, but she twists her words so that they mean she also loves Romeo. Relationship between Juliet and the Nurse Juliet and the nurse have a more comfortable relationship when it comes to communicating. The Nurse is like a mother figure to Juliet after bringing her up from childhood. â€Å"Go girl, seek happy nights' this quote gives an example of how the relationship is very comfortable between the two. It shows that the nurse is encouraging Juliet to enjoy herself and seek out a husband to spend ‘happy nights' with. Shakespeare's audience would see in this scene that the Nurse cares for Juliet and wants her to be happy instead of status and money like Lady Capulet thinks. In Act 3 scene 5 when Juliet refuses to marry Paris the Nurse tries to defend Juliet but she only gets spoken over by Capulet, â€Å"may one not speak† she is trying to defend for Juliet but Capulet reply's back † peace you mumbling fool†. When Capulet and Lady Capulet leave the Nurse advises Juliet to forget about Romeo. â€Å"Romeo is banished, and all the world to nothing†. Juliet asks the nurse if that is what she really means and the Nurse says that is. The Nurse then goes off and goes to tell Capulet and Lady Capulet that Juliet is sorry for upsetting her father. Juliet does not believe the deceitfulness of the Nurse. Stage Craft and Language A very important stagecraft action that takes place in Romeo and Juliet is soliloquies, a soliloquy is an actor playing a character revealing to the audience about their own private thoughts (the character has the stage to them self). Juliet uses a soliloquy at the end of Act 3 scene 5 when the Nurse leaves the room. â€Å"Ancient damnation! O most wicked fiend! It is more sin to wish me thus forsworn, Or to dispraise my lord with that same tongue so many thousand times? Go counselor; thou and my bosom henceforth shall be twain. I'll to the friar to know his remedy. If all else fail, myself have power to die†. Juliet expresses her feelings to the audience. Soliloquies are still used in this time and day in the theatre. An example of an implicit direction would be in Act 1 scene 3, â€Å"this is the matter nurse, give leave awhile, we must talk in secret. Nurse, come back again!† the audience can see that Lady Capulet does not trust the Nurse, but she does depend on the Nurse to speak about Juliet about early marriage. The implicit direction is used like a command, when Lady Capulet tell the Nurse to come back. Lady Capulet also uses imperatives, â€Å"Nurse, where's my daughter? Call her forth to me† the word call in this quote is the imperative, an imperative is an order, and Shakespeare used imperatives in his text because it helped the actors to remember their lines.

Bear Vs. Shark By Chris Bachelder - 981 Words

Bear v. Shark, by Chris Bachelder states that entertainment dominates the life of America s society. More specifically, Bachelder portrays these on the computer-generated animals, the bear and the shark, who have brainwashed the culture of the Normans and the people in the United States. This paper will show the similarities and differences of the novel s portrayal of postmodern society to the world we live in today, and the fact where entertainment influences people to be obsessed with the technology and the products. In the United States, people are overpowered by the growth of the consumerism because of the material goods that reflect entertainment. In Bear v. Shark, Mr. Norman has been attached to the Vibra-Dream pillow. Bachelder states: â€Å"She (the pillow) doesn t care whether Mr. Norman used Visa or Mastercard... She (the pillow) just wants Mr. Norman to rest easy after a long day at the office† (Bachelder 17). It demonstrates that the Vibra-Dream pillow replaces his wife for it is always there to entertain him and make him more comfortable compare to Mr. Norman s wife, who is busy watching television all the time and does not have much time for her husband. In today s society, the most popular for adolescents’ drinks are alcohol or beers. The article states: â€Å"Further, few studies have focused on adolescents and alcohol advertisements where there is a great deal of sexuality and nudity. Alcohol is the most frequently advertise beverage in televised sports†

How Much Deviation from Religious Doctrine is Acceptable...

Central to any religion is a unified set of beliefs that is shared amongst all its followers. These can range from stories about the origin of the universe or the lives of prophets or other important religious figures to sets of rules governing how you live your daily life. It is these beliefs that define who is a follower of that religion, and deviation from them could result in a person being outcast, persecuted, or even put to death in various areas and time periods. However, these beliefs are by no means universal. Interpretations of religious doctrines may strongly differ even between members of the same religious sect. These issues are very relevant even to non-believers as they have a strong influence on people’s opinions of†¦show more content†¦Christianity can be divided into three main denominations: Catholicism, Protestantism, and Eastern Orthodox. The doctrines of each of these divisions are based on the books of the Old and New Testament. Although their c entral texts are almost exactly the same (a few books are different), their interpretations of them differ greatly. Each asserts that their own interpretation is the only correct one and that all other doctrines are false (this is slightly less true of many protestants, owing to the lack of a central protestant church). Obviously, the most central part of Christian belief is the teachings of Jesus Christ, as described in the four Gospels. In the Book of Mark, believed to be the earliest of the four, it states â€Å"He who believes [the gospel] and is baptized will be saved, but he who disbelieves it will be condemned† (p106). This immediately creates an ideology based entirely on one’s faith rather than reason or even one’s actions. Jesus himself says â€Å"All their sins shall be forgiven unto the sons of men†¦ but whosoever shall blaspheme against the Holy Spirit hath never forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin† (Mark p71). This allows a sys tem to be set up which requires above all a rigid belief in a central doctrine, deviation from which is punished by eternal damnation. It is then very easy for the church to present one interpretation which it deems correct and feel justified in enforcing strict adherenceShow MoreRelatedChildren s Rights And Rights1951 Words   |  8 Pagesright to a decent standard of living, the right to health, Children’s rights include individual rights, the right to live with his parents, the right to education, the right to benefit from a protection, Children’s rights include collective rights : rights of refugee and disabled children’s, of minority children or from marginalized groups.For the world to continue we need this population to survive and attain their rights which are also human rights. 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An Introduction to Native American Literature - 1015 Words

AN INTRODUCTION TO NATIVE AMERICAN LITERATURE Native American literatures embrace the memories of creation stories, the tragic wisdom of native ceremonies, trickster narratives, and the outcome of chance and other occurrences in the most diverse cultures in the world. These distinctive literatures, eminent in both oral performances and in the imagination of written narratives, cannot be discovered in reductive social science translations or altogether understood in the historical constructions of culture in one common name. (Vizenor 1) Since the end of the 15th century, the migration of Europeans to America, and their importation of Africans as slaves, has led to centuries of conflict and adjustment between Old and New World societies.†¦show more content†¦But they found the means to engage with their detractors by authoring their own accounts of Indians that challenged stereotypical beliefs, demanded equal political rights, and proved that Indians were neither disappearing nor silent. Native American authors have faithfully presented some of these issues of inherent native rights, the duplicities of federal policies, and the burdens of racial identities in their short stories and novels. Wynema by Sophia Alice Callahan published in 1891, was the first novel attributed to a Native American author. Callahan, who was a mixedblood Creek, was aware of tribal issues at the time and therefore devoted most of her novel to native issues. Since then many novels by distinguished Native American authors have been published. One of the most important writers among Native Americans in the 1930’s was D’Arcy McNickle, a member of the Flathead tribe of Montana. His first novel The Surrounded was published in 1936, two years after the Indian Reorganization Act was passed near the end of the Depression in the United States. His novel is the poignant story of a mix-breed family and the tragedy of their exclusion from both the red and the white worlds. 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ICMS Rooms Division Operations Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Dicsuss about the ICMS Rooms Division Operations. Answer: Introduction Meriton is the largest apartment developer in Australia, and its also a biggest residential home builder of the country, which was introduced in the year 1963. Meriton is mainly involved in selling the apartment, and it also operates as serviced apartments accommodation under the Meriton Suites brand mainly at Gold Coast, Sydney, and Brisbane (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). In the year 2007, it was calculated that the organization was built around 1200 apartments every year. In the year 2010, this figure has enhanced to around 2000 units. It is also estimated that from last 50 years, Meriton apartment has constructed around 65000 residential apartments at Australian east coast. It also provides serviced accommodation in around 17 locations (Andrews, 2013). The different hotels create the part of a portfolio of an organization that helps them in serving the requirements or demand of numerous travellers category (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). Nonetheless, of unit diversity, that can be location or either market area under which it competes, the primary function of the hotel is to offer accommodation for the one who is away from home, and try to provide travellers with their core requirements (Andrews, 2001). Therefore, every hotel unit needs core element of the hotel products that can be divided into two main areas that are food and beverages and sleeping accommodation. In this assignment, the primary focus will be placed on particular operational department, which is Meriton Apartment hotel (Kent st) housekeeping (Andrews, 2001). Regardless of the total size of the property or either the total capacity of bed stock, the key objective related with the housekeeping department is to offer a thorough and quick servicing of public areas and rooms as per high standard and through less inconvenience to the guest (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). Therefore, until that time, there will be machines, which can make beds, replenish hotel bedrooms, service, and public areas. The department of housekeeping will stay as an important service function is a hotel (Andrews, 2001). Due to high components, housekeeping department at Mariton highly relies on the workforce for giving best outputs. Therefore, the primary resource is employees for Mariton apartments (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). A discussion on whether the housekeeping operations at your designated hotel were different or similar compared to what you have learned in class. Whatever I have learned in class is quite similar to the housekeeping operations of Mariton apartments. The day to day operations of the company is predominately measured on the forecasted level of business (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The job of room attendant is primarily assigned individuality by the use ofmanagement information system. It is noted that at Mariton the public area cleaners have also set the fixed work schedules that usually differ as per different shifts. In the unionized environment, it is noted that the collective agreements explain the highest level of output in the eight-hour shifts that goes with the case of room maid, and highest of 16 rooms service that is allocated (Branson Lennox, 1965). Outputs above the quota at Mariton are produced after eight hours, which highly affect the level of cost based efficiency. Whatever taught in the class is quite similar to the housekeeping operations conducted at Mariton apartments. There are many other parameters wh ich encompass are total quality management viewpoint (Branson Lennox, 1965). The firm set up the systematic process of work for bedroom cleaning. This process is mainly designed in such a manner that it created the procedures of standard operations, and explains the required quality levels and also tries to promote the ergonomic practices of work (Brody, 2016). It is differentiated from the class learning that best work practices are mainly communicated by the training and supervision of the process of cleaning, and in case its correctly followed, then it can prevent the repetitive strain or either injury related to manual handling; attain the required level of quality, and ensures the safe material handling (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The expectations of the guest for the quality and kind of intangible services are regularly changed, which later on comes with the regular shifts in the requirement of the customer (Brody, 2016). Hence, for remaining the attractive options towards the customers and competition has gone catalyst for the diversification of department (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). In the present time, the housekeeping department also tries to build coordination for dry cleaning and laundry services, along with staff uniforms, inventories, baby sitting services, floral services, as well as a seasonal display of hotel decoration (Brody, 2016). The efficiency of the daily housekeeping operation for the organization of guest room cleaning. The day to day operations of the housekeeping department conducts a similar type of tasks at the same time of the day. The daily housekeeping services of Mariton apartment are efficient for performing guest room cleaning. Rooms are usually serviced between the 0800 hours till 1700 hours (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The apartment also offers the public area service around 6 hours to around 23 hours. The complete timings are covered providing the person scheduled, which turns towards the duties, and there are massive shifts that are in demand due to the highly unexpected arrival of a group or either delay in the departure due to the cancellation of flight (Fales, 1971). The level of linen inventory is also well stocked over the three par level; therefore, offering the enough linen availability for more days. The emergency situation never arises at Mariton apartment. It might lead towards the evacuation of the hotel or either the housekeeping team members deployment for assisting i n the process of cleaning (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). For the efficiency of the housekeeping, the labour is considered as the most variable source for all the service providers (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The level and activities of the business in the hotel explains the factor as for how the staffs are needed every day. Thats why the housekeeping will make use of business forecast while conducting the working schedules for the apartment (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The highest level of output is attained within right hour day according to the largest number of rooms, which is provided to the team member. An overview of the linen and laundry operations of the hotel and how this contributed to the efficiency or inefficiency of the daily housekeeping operation. All the laundry process is entirely dependent on the machinery usage, such as pressing, washing, and folding machines. The laundry and linen operations of the hotel have highly contributed towards the efficiency as well as the inefficiency of the day to day operations of housekeeping (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). All the outputs and inputs are entirely handled physically through the help of linen keeper. It includes the assurance that the level of par is highly maintained through preventing the stock outage, linen distribution to the quality control and room attendants (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The material required for cleaning amounts to a tiny percentage of the cost within the housekeeping department subsection (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The time required for supplying the service is highly imperative to the customers. The two service levels exist for the same day and next day service. Customers also pay directly for all the rendered services. Even customers are interested in paying the premium for attaining the express service (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The primary union includes 100% recognition in the hotel property. It is noted that the negotiation with the management might have attained the reach at a deadlock, which slowly resulted in the issue of the union as the industrial action device to the management and even strive directive for all the members (Jones Lockwood, 2002). Thats why during the period of persistence of industrial action, including both laundry and cleaning services are paralyzed and therefore, these functions are not needed to get outsourced towards the private contractor, until the time of meeting the conciliation (Jones, 2007). The services related to the linen keeper are usually taken over by thehousekeeping management team members. Therefore, it ensures the control of services and inventories, which are internally monitored (Jrgensen, 1992). Thats why it doesnt include any additional cost in the context of management grade of labor, which is not paid overtime for the extra working hours. Materials and machinery are offered by the contractor, thats why there is little or either no effect in the context of resources. A key consideration is related to the extra cost, which is incurred for paying the contractor (Larice Macdonald, 2013). Nevertheless, the minimization of utility consumption like electricity and water is contributed towards creating a balance between incurred additional costs (Marshall, 2014). Reflection I have learned that forecasting is done when the hotel has low occupancy levels, floors and rooms that are closed and the rooms cleaning might be postponed until the time, the cleaning process is completed (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). The present late booking trend needs to be beneficial for the management of the hotel, to counterpart along with last minute bookings through the closure of every type of room availability (Nikolaos Ilenia, 2016). Though this measure might lead to the loss of revenue, simultaneously it might place limit over the operations burden and safeguard companys reputation (Singh, 2011). I have learned from my experience while working in the hotel industry that workforce can only attain through proper management personnel, which could abandon the rules and highly assist in the housekeeping to maintain the services of housekeeping (Singh, 2011). I have analysed that in the worst scenario, in which industrial action is paralyzing the operations, arrangements should be made for relocating the guest in the hotel vicinity and its the best option available for any hotel (Ivanova, Ivanov Magnini, 2016). I have analysed that as Mariton apartment holds its laundry for the level of the bath as well as bed linen, which is set at three. Stock evaluation is undertaken on a monthly basis for monitoring as well as through control assets as well as the level of reordering (O'Fallon Rutherford, 2011). When the products in the stock come at the highest level then in that case requisition is submitted. Every requisition is channelled by the help of a computerized system of inventory management (Rayner-Canham Rayner-Canham, 2008). References Andrews, S. (2013). Hotel Housekeeping: A Training Manual. Tata McGraw-Hill Education Andrews. (2001). Hotel Housekeeping Training Manual. Tata McGraw-Hill Education Branson, J. C., Lennox, M. (1965). Hotel Housekeeping: Principles and Practice. Edward Arnold Brody, D. (2016). Housekeeping by Design: Hotels and Labor. University of Chicago Press Fales, J. T. (1971). Functional housekeeping in hotels and motels. ITT Educational Services Ivanova, M., Ivanov, S., Magnini, V. P. (2016). The Routledge Handbook of Hotel Chain Management. Routledge Jones, P., Lockwood, A. (2002). The Management of Hotel Operations. Cengage Learning EMEA Jones. T. J. A. (2007). Professional Management of Housekeeping Operations. John Wiley Sons Jrgensen, L. B. (1992). North European Textiles Until AD 1000. Aarhus University Press Larice, M., Macdonald, E. (2013). The Urban Design Reader. Routledge Marshall, D. (2014). Buying and Running a Guesthouse or Small Hotel 2nd Edition: How to build a valuable business and enjoy a great lifestyle. Hachette UK Nikolaos, P., Ilenia, B. (2016). Global Dynamics in Travel, Tourism, and Hospitality. IGI Global O'Fallon, M. J., Rutherford, D. G. (2011). Hotel Management and Operations. John Wiley Sons Rayner-Canham, M. F., Rayner-Canham, G. (2008). Chemistry was Their Life: Pioneering British Women Chemists, 1880-1949. World Scientific Singh. (2011). HOTEL HOUSEKEEPING. Tata McGraw-Hill Education